In all such cases there has been research into how much of the unattended or unconscious signal or message is perceived (unconsciously), i.e is the whole message sensed and fully digested or perhaps only its main and simpler features? There are at least two schools of thought about this. Subliminal perception or cognition is a subset of unconscious cognition where the forms of unconscious cognition also include attending to one signal in a noisy environment while unconsciously keeping track of other signals (e.g one voice out of many in a crowded room) and tasks done automatically (e.g. Public concern was enough to lead the Federal Communications Commission to hold hearings and to declare subliminal advertising "contrary to the public interest" because it involved "intentional deception" of the public. The book contributed to a general climate of fear with regard to Orwellian dangers (of subliminal messaging). In 1973 the book Subliminal Seduction claimed that subliminal techiques were in wide use in advertising. However, the study was fabricated, as the author of the study James Vicary later admitted. This book detailed a study of movie theaters that supposedly used subliminal commands to increase the sales of popcorn and Coca-Cola at their concession stands. The term subliminal message was popularized in a 1957 book entitled The Hidden Persuaders by Vance Packard. In the everyday world, it has often been suggested that subliminal techniques are used in advertising and for propaganda purposes (e.g. This definition assumes a division between conscious and unconscious which may be misleading it may be more true to suggest that the subliminal message (sound or image) is perceived by deeper parts of what is a single integrated mind. For example it might be inaudible to the conscious mind (but audible to the unconscious or deeper mind) or might be an image transmitted briefly and unperceived consciously and yet perceived unconsciously. A subliminal message is a signal or message designed to pass below (sub) the normal limits of perception.
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